City University of Hong Kong CLASS CLASS
Making Sense of Grammar
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動詞語意中的預設前提和事件真實性有何關聯?
asked Mar 1, 2018 in Questions about English Grammar by admin (25,520 points) | 800 views

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有些動詞的語意本身含有強烈的預設前提(presupposition),像是 regret 和 recall:

I regret that I told her the secret. → 後悔的事必然已發生

I recall that I told her the secret. → 想起的事必然曾發生

I am sorry that I told her the secret. → 抱歉的事必然已做了

I apologize for having told her the secret. → 道歉的原因必然先發生了

這些主要動詞都是在「表述」心理活動(to assert),但又隱含「預設」前提(to presuppose),前提為真,才會有後續的後悔遺憾。

除了動詞之外,WH- 開頭的問句也有異曲同工之妙:

Who did you date last night? → 預設前提:你昨晚約會了

What did you break this morning? → 預設前提:你打破東西了

answered Mar 1, 2018 by admin (25,520 points)

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