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Making Sense of Grammar
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溝通動詞 talk, chat, discuss 和 tell 有何不同?

asked May 2, 2018 in Questions about English Grammar by admin (25,520 points)
edited May 2, 2018 by admin | 11,656 views

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Talk 表示交談,chat 則是閒聊,一個較認真嚴肅,一個較輕鬆閒散,語意的重點都在人與人談話這個行為,帶有雙向溝通的意涵,因此用法也很相近:
talk/chat about+事 談話/聊天關於⋯⋯
talk/chat to/with+人 和⋯⋯談話/閒聊
We talked/chatted for an hour. 兩方對談/閒聊
I talked/chatted to her about her career. 我和她談/聊生涯規畫

 

以上 talk 和 chat 的語意都側重兩人交談的行為本身,是不及物動詞(We talked.),若要表達談話的內容,後面一定要加上介系詞 about:talk about something;若是要表達談話對象,一定要加 to 或 with:talk to someone 偏重對話的方向性;talk with someone 則強調談話對象是平行的參與者。

另一個動詞 discuss(討論)也表示雙向溝通,但卻是及物動詞,討論必然涉及議題,因此 discuss 的語意側重在討論的事項,可直接以話題作為受詞:

discuss+事+with+人 和⋯⋯討論某事
We discussed her career for an hour. 我們討論 [她的職業生涯] 名詞受詞
I discussed her career with her. 我和她討論 [她的職業生涯] 名詞受詞


不同於以上三者,tell(告訴)表示單向的告知,我們通常說:告訴誰什麼事,因此 tell 一定有對象,也有內容,後面常有兩個補語:
tell 人+事 告訴某人某事
I told him a story. 告訴他一個故事
I told him that he is a nice guy. 告訴他 [他是個好人] 子句
I told him to stay for the night. 告訴他 [晚上留下來] 不定詞(有「指使」的語意)

answered May 2, 2018 by admin (25,520 points)

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